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Construction & Home

Sand Calculator

A 120 square foot patio with a 1 inch sand bed needs about 10.5 cubic feet of sand, or 21 fifty-pound bags. Enter the area, depth, sand density, and bag weight to estimate cubic feet, cubic yards, tons, and bags. Use it for paver bedding, sandbox fills, and other small sand jobs.

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Quick answer

Sand volume is area multiplied by depth, with depth converted from inches to feet.

What this tells you

  • Sand volume is area multiplied by depth, with depth converted from inches to feet.
  • Tons are estimated from sand density. A common dry-sand planning value is 100 lb per cubic foot.
  • Bag count is the total weight divided by bag weight, rounded up to a whole bag.

How to Use

  1. 1Enter the area to cover in square feet.
  2. 2Enter the sand depth in inches.
  3. 3Keep the default density of 100 lb per cubic foot unless your supplier gives a different number.
  4. 4Set the bag weight you plan to buy, such as 50 or 60 lb.
  5. 5Add a waste allowance if needed, then calculate to see cubic feet, cubic yards, tons, and bags.

How It Works

Formula

Cubic Feet = Area x Depth(ft) Cubic Yards = Cubic Feet / 27 Weight(lb) = Cubic Feet with waste x Density Weight(tons) = Weight(lb) / 2000 Bags = ceil(Weight(lb) / Bag Weight)

The calculator converts depth to feet, computes the raw volume, applies any waste allowance, and then converts that volume to weight from the density you choose. The default density of 100 lb per cubic foot is a common dry-sand estimate, but wet, compacted, or specialty sands can weigh more.

Calculation note: values are processed in the order shown above, using the current input units.

Worked Examples

Paver patio bedding sand

Area120 sq ft
Depth1 in
Density100 lb/ft3
Bag50 lb
Waste5%
Result10.50 cu ft with waste, 0.53 tons, 21 bags

A 1-inch sand bed over 120 square feet is 10 cubic feet before waste. Adding 5% brings the order to 10.5 cubic feet, which weighs about 1,050 lb at the default density.

Sandbox fill

Area36 sq ft
Depth6 in
Density100 lb/ft3
Bag50 lb
Waste10%
Result19.80 cu ft with waste, 0.99 tons, 40 bags

A 6 by 6 foot sandbox at 6 inches deep needs 18 cubic feet before waste. With a 10% cushion for leveling and settling, the total comes to 19.8 cubic feet.

Sand Coverage per 100 Square Feet

Approximate sand volume, tonnage, and 50 lb bag count at common depths using a planning density of 100 lb per cubic foot.

DepthVolumeTons50 lb bags
1 inch8.3 cu ft0.42 tons17
2 inches16.7 cu ft0.83 tons34
3 inches25.0 cu ft1.25 tons50
6 inches50.0 cu ft2.50 tons100

These values use dry loose sand at 100 lb per cubic foot. Wet or compacted sand can run about 10 to 20% heavier.

Common mistakes

  • Using square yards or square meters when the input expects square feet
  • Keeping the default density when the supplier quotes a different weight per cubic foot
  • Ordering bags by volume and bulk sand by weight without comparing both outputs
  • Rounding bag counts down instead of up

Embed this calculator on your site

Drop this single line where you want the calculator to appear. It is responsive, mobile-friendly, resizes automatically, and is free to use with attribution.

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Preview the embed at /embed/sand-calculator/.

Frequently Asked Questions

Multiply the patio area by the sand depth, then convert the result to cubic feet or cubic yards. For example, a 120 sq ft patio with a 1 inch sand bed needs 10 cubic feet before waste, or about 10.5 cubic feet with a 5% cushion.
At 100 lb per cubic foot, a cubic yard of sand weighs about 2,700 lb, so it equals roughly 54 fifty-pound bags. If your sand is wetter or denser, the true bag count by weight will be a little higher.
Use 100 lb per cubic foot if you need a general dry-sand estimate. Ask your supplier for an exact density if you are buying masonry sand, play sand, wet sand, or compacted fill sand.
Most sandboxes are filled to about 4 to 6 inches deep. That gives enough depth for digging without making the box too heavy or pushing sand over the edges.
Bags are usually easier for small jobs, while bulk sand is usually cheaper once you need a large fraction of a ton or more. Use the bag count and tonnage together so you can compare store pricing with a yard or ton quote from a supplier.
You cannot buy a partial bag, so the calculator rounds up to avoid coming up short. That small buffer also helps if the sand settles or the base is not perfectly even.
It estimates sand calculator outputs using the visible inputs and formula assumptions on this page.

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